Butler-Volmer Overpotential Calculator

Electrochemical Charge Transfer Kinetics: Calculate net current density ($j$), anodic and cathodic components, and charge transfer resistance ($R_{ct}$).

Kinetic Parameters & Potential

Exchange Current $j_0$ (µA/cm²):

Overpotential $\eta$ (mV):

Anodic Transfer Coeff $\alpha_a$:

Cathodic Coeff $\alpha_c = 1 - \alpha_a$:

Reaction Conditions

Electrons Transferred $z$:

Temperature $T$ (°C):

Net Current & Polarization Output

Net Current Density ($j_{net}$)

-- µA/cm²

Polarity: Anodic Dissolution

Charge Transfer $R_{ct}$

-- Ω·cm²

Linear limit near η=0

Anodic Branch ($j_a$)

-- µA/cm²

Tafel b_a: -- mV/dec

Cathodic Branch ($j_c$)

-- µA/cm²

Tafel b_c: -- mV/dec

Butler-Volmer Formulation:

• $j = j_0 \left[ \exp\left(\frac{\alpha_a z F \eta}{R T}\right) - \exp\left(-\frac{\alpha_c z F \eta}{R T}\right) \right]$.

• At $|eta| > 50$–$100$ mV, the back-reaction becomes negligible, transitioning into classical Tafel behavior.

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Butler-Volmer Overpotential Calculator

Kinetic Parameters & Potential

Reaction Conditions

Net Current & Polarization Output

Frequently Asked Questions