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Dust Collection Conveying Velocity & Duct Calculator environmental
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Dust Collection Conveying Velocity & Duct Calculator

Determine ACGIH minimum particulate transport velocities, duct branch diameters, velocity pressures, and friction static pressure losses for dust collection systems.

Particulate Material & Flow

Duct Run & Elbows

Duct Sizing & Velocity Performance

Selected Round Duct Diameter
-- Inches
-- FPM actual velocity
Total Static Loss
-- in. w.g.
-- in. w.g. / 100 ft
Velocity Pressure (VP)
-- in. w.g.
Settling check
Exact Calculated Diameter: -- in
Duct Cross-Section Area: -- sq ft
Elbow Dynamic Loss (2x): -- in. w.g.
ACGIH Industrial Ventilation Manual mandates sizing ductwork to round down to the nearest standard diameter to ensure transport velocity never falls below dropout limits.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Why is minimum conveying transport velocity critical in dust collection ducts?

If air velocity in a horizontal duct drops below the minimum transport velocity of the particulate material, gravitational settling exceeds aerodynamic lift. Heavy dust particles drop out of the air stream and accumulate along the duct bottom, restricting airflow, creating severe fire/deflagration hazards, and eventually collapsing overloaded duct hangers.

Why should duct sizing round down rather than up in dust collection?

In HVAC air conditioning design, rounding up to the next larger duct size reduces fan energy and noise. In dust collection, rounding up increases cross-sectional area and lowers air velocity below transport velocity, risking catastrophic particulate settling and pipe clogging. Engineers must round down to preserve velocity.

What is Velocity Pressure (VP) and how is it used in duct sizing?

Velocity pressure is the kinetic energy pressure generated by moving air, calculated as VP = (Velocity / 4,005)². All duct fittings (elbows, entries, branch wyes) create dynamic friction losses proportional to velocity pressure: Loss = Loss_Coefficient × VP.