Photon-Counting Laser Receiver PPM Calculator

Quantum Optical Communications: Calculate single-photon detector Pulse Position Modulation ($M$-PPM), Poisson statistics, Photons Per Bit (PPB), and Bit Error Rates (BER).

PPM Modulation & Photon Counts

PPM Alphabet Order $M$:

PPM Slot Width $\tau_s$ (ns):

Detected Signal Photons / Pulse $K_s$:

Noise Photons / Slot $K_b$:

Detector Characteristics (SNSPD)

System Detection Efficiency $\eta_{\text{sde}}$ (%):

Detector Dark Count Rate (cps):

Forward Error Correction (FEC) Code:

Quantum Sensitivity & Data Throughput

Photons Per Bit ($PPB$)

-- photons/bit

Bits / Symbol: -- bits

Data Transmission Rate

-- Mbps

Symbol Rate: -- Msps

Bit Error Rate ($BER$)

Symbol Error Rate: --

Zero-Count Erasure Prob ($P_0$)

Shannon Bound: -- bits/photon

Photon-Counting Technology Insights:

• Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors (SNSPDs) achieve $\sim 85 - 98\%$ efficiency at 1550 nm.

• Unlike classical PIN diodes, single-photon detectors have ZERO read-out thermal Johnson noise.

• Higher PPM order ($M=64, 128, 256$) increases photon efficiency (fewer photons per bit) at the cost of bandwidth.

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Photon-Counting Laser Receiver PPM Calculator

PPM Modulation & Photon Counts

Detector Characteristics (SNSPD)

Quantum Sensitivity & Data Throughput

Frequently Asked Questions