Steam Turbine Extraction Stage & Heat Balance Calculator
Size extraction-condensing cogeneration turbines, electrical power splits across HP/LP stages, process heating energy, and energy utilization factor (EUF).
HP Section & Throttle Flow
LP Condensing Section & Heat Recovery
Cogeneration Energy Balance
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is an extraction condensing steam turbine?
An extraction condensing turbine expands high-pressure boiler steam through an initial high-pressure (HP) stage to generate electricity, diverts a controlled mass flow at an intermediate extraction pressure for industrial heating or processes, and expands the remaining flow through low-pressure (LP) stages into a vacuum condenser.
Why is minimum cooling steam flow required through the LP casing?
When high process steam demand diverts nearly all flow at the extraction port, the LP turbine blades still spin at 3000/3600 RPM in near vacuum. Without a continuous minimum cooling steam flow (typically 5% to 10% of design flow), aerodynamic windage friction rapidly overheats the uncooled rotating blades, leading to blade distortion and casing rubs.
What is the Energy Utilization Factor (EUF) in cogeneration?
Conventional condensing power plants discard 50% to 65% of input fuel energy into cooling water as low-grade waste heat (overall efficiency 33-40%). In cogeneration (CHP), extracting intermediate steam delivers useful industrial thermal heat, boosting overall primary Energy Utilization Factor (EUF) to between 75% and 88%.