TOV Neutron Star Maximum Mass Calculator
General relativistic astrophysics: Calculate relativistic hydrostatic equilibrium, the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) maximum mass limit ($M_{\text{TOV}} \approx 2.1 M_\odot$), gravitational redshift ($z$), and Buchdahl compactness limit.
Neutron Star Mass & Radius
Canonical pulsar: 1.4 M_☉ (Hulse-Taylor)
NICER mission constraints: ~11–13 km
Nuclear Equation of State (EOS) Limit
GW170817 / Heavy pulsars (PSR J0740+6620): ~2.08–2.2 M_☉
Relativistic Metric & Compactness Output
Gravitational Redshift z_grav:
--
Surface spectral shift Δλ / λ₀
Compactness Parameter C = GM/Rc²:
--
Buchdahl Limit = 4/9 ≈ 0.444
Schwarzschild Radius r_s:
--
km event horizon radius
Surface Gravitational Acceleration:
--
× 10¹² m/s² (10¹¹ g)
| Mean Nuclear Density ρ_mean: | -- |
| Nuclear Saturation Density Ratio (ρ / ρ₀): | -- |
| Photon Escape Cone Angle θ_esc: | -- |
| TOV Limit Stability Status: | -- |
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