Fabrication & Workshop calculators
Choose a task below. Check each calculator’s assumptions and units before using its result.
Free Lathe Threading Change Gears Calculator
Calculate exact gear tooth combinations (A, B, C, D), metric-to-imperial transposing ratios, and compound slide infeed angle for metal lathe screwcutting.
Free Lead Screw Pitch & Linear Speed Calculator
Calculate linear carriage feed rate, mechanical thread lead, microstep resolution in microns, and verify anti-backdrive self-locking.
Free Lead Screw vs Ball Screw Calculator
Calculate linear thrust force, mechanical efficiency differences (Acme vs Ball Screw), and back-driving safety for CNC motion.
Free Microstepping Resolution Calculator
Calculate exact firmware steps_per_mm, Klipper rotation distance, theoretical microstep resolution in microns, and MCU pulse rate limits.
Free Milling Spindle Torque & Horsepower Calculator
Calculate net cutting horsepower (HP & kW), spindle torque (Nm), tangential tool force, and Material Removal Rate (MRR) across metals.
Free Morse Taper Shank & Tang Driving Torque Calculator
Calculate self-holding conical taper friction drive torque, tang ultimate shear failure limit, axial clamping force, and drilling slippage safety factor across MT1 to MT6.
Free O-Ring Groove & Gland Squeeze Calculator
Size precision O-ring glands according to the Parker O-Ring Handbook: calculate squeeze %, gland fill %, and stretch for static and dynamic seals.
Free O-Ring Groove Sizing Calculator
Calculate optimal groove depth, groove width, compression squeeze percentage, and gland fill percentage for leak-free hydraulic and pneumatic seals.
Free Pipe Thermal Expansion & Loop Sizing Calculator
Calculate linear thermal growth and expansion loop cantilever dimensions for hot water, steam, and chilled process piping.
Free Plasma Cutter Air PSI & Nozzle Orifice Calculator
Match plasma cutting amperage, nozzle orifice diameter, dynamic operating air pressure, compressor SCFM demand, and estimated kerf width across metals.
Free Pneumatic Cylinder Air Consumption Calculator
Calculate free air consumption (SCFM and L/min), extension and retraction thrust forces, and required compressor HP for automation systems.
Free Press-Fit Interference & Assembly Force Calculator
Calculate cylindrical interference fit contact pressure via Lamé equations, hub hoop stress, axial press force, torque transmission, and thermal shrink-fit temperatures.
Free Rack and Pinion Drive Calculator
Calculate linear travel per revolution, motor torque requirements, gearbox reduction ratios, and steps-per-inch resolution for CNC routers and gantries.
Free Sandblasting Nozzle CFM & Air Pressure Calculator
Calculate air compressor CFM demand, blast nozzle orifice size, abrasive media consumption rates, and compressor horsepower.
Free Sheet Metal Bend Allowance & Deduction Calculator
Calculate exact flat pattern blank length, bend allowance (BA), bend deduction (BD), and outside setback (OSSB) across metals and bend angles.
Free Sheet Metal Bend Allowance & K-Factor Calculator
Calculate exact Bend Allowance (BA), Bend Deduction (BD), Outside Setback (OSSB), and flat blank length for precision press brake fabrication.
Free Sheet Metal Hem & Flange Tear Relief Calculator
Calculate minimum press brake hem flange length ($L_{min} \ge 4T$), flattening tonnage, tear-drop radius, and corner tear relief cutout geometry per DIN 6935.
Free Sine Bar Stack Height & Gage Block Calculator
Calculate precise gage block stack height ($H = L \cdot \sin\theta$) for standard 5.0000" or 100mm/200mm sine bars, angular error sensitivity, and gage block combinations.
Free Spur Gear Center Distance & Backlash Calculator
Calculate pitch diameters, theoretical & operating center distances, outside tip diameters, and recommended backlash for spur gear trains.
Free Spur Gear Module & Diametral Pitch Calculator
Calculate pitch diameter, tip diameter, tooth thickness, circular pitch, and operating center-to-center distance for Metric Module and Imperial DP gears.
Free Stepper Motor Torque Calculator
Calculate dynamic acceleration torque, total required holding torque, load-to-rotor inertia ratio, and select the optimal NEMA frame size.
Free Stepper Motor Voltage & TMC2209 Vref Calculator
Calculate safe max voltage (32√L) and TMC2209 driver Vref for 3D printers.
Free Surface & Cylindrical Grinding Wheel Calculator
Calculate grinding wheel spindle RPM, peripheral cutting surface speed (SFM), diamond dressing lead (sd), and overlap ratio (ud) for precision grinding.
Free T-Slot Aluminum Extrusion Deflection Calculator
Calculate structural beam deflection, center sag, and bending stress for 2020, 3030, 4040, and 80/20 aluminum extrusion frames.
Free Tap Drill Bit & Thread Percentage Calculator
Calculate tap drill hole diameters, thread engagement percentage (%), and tapping torque reduction to stop snapping taps.
Free V-Belt Drive Sizing Calculator
Calculate pulley speed ratio, driven shaft RPM, exact belt pitch length, and center-to-center distance for industrial A, B, and V-belts.
Free Water Flow Rate & Orifice Calculator
Calculate fluid discharge flow in GPM and L/min, exit jet velocity, and required hole diameter from hydraulic pressure differential.
Free Water Pipe Friction Loss Calculator
Calculate dynamic head loss (feet of head), friction pressure drop (PSI), and water velocity (fps) using the Hazen-Williams equation for PVC, PEX, and Copper.
Free Welding Heat Input Calculator
Calculate net heat input (kJ/in and kJ/mm) and arc energy according to ASME Section IX, AWS D1.1, and ISO/TR 17671 standards.
Free Welding Shielding Gas Flow & Cup Size Calculator
Calculate optimal TIG cup and MIG nozzle shielding gas flow (CFH & L/min), post-flow timing, and cylinder duration.
Free Woodworking Router Bit Speed (RPM) Calculator
Calculate maximum safe spindle RPM, peripheral rim cutting speed (SFM), and router speed dial settings based on bit diameter.
Gear Diametral Pitch, Module & Circular Pitch Converter
Convert instantly between Diametral Pitch (DP), Metric Module ($m$), and Circular Pitch. Calculate pitch diameter, addendum, dedendum, blank outside diameter, and base circle.
Gear Hobbing Head Swivel Angle & Feed Calculator
Determine exact hob head swivel tilt angles (Σ), worktable-to-hob rotational synchronization ratios, and axial feeds for spur and helical gear manufacturing.
Keyway Broaching Cutting Force & Tonnage Calculator
Calculate total broaching cutting force ($F = Z_c cdot w cdot RPT cdot k_c$), hydraulic press tonnage, teeth in simultaneous contact, and gullet chip capacity.
Lathe Chuck Gripping Force & Centrifugal Loss Calculator
Calculate rotating jaw centrifugal force loss ($F_c = m \cdot r \cdot \omega^2$), dynamic residual clamping force, safe spindle RPM limits, and cutting torque margins.
Lathe Knurling Blank Diameter & Tracking Calculator
Prevent double-tracking, cross-threading, and split teeth. Calculate precision blank turning diameters synchronized to knurling wheel pitch.
Lead Screw & Ball Screw Torque & Backlash Calculator
Size CNC drive motors, calculate driving torque for raising/lowering loads, mechanical efficiency %, linear travel velocity, and back-drive safety.
Machine Reamer Speed, Feed & Stock Allowance Calculator
Calculate pre-drill hole diameter, stock removal allowance, spindle RPM, and feed rate for HSS and carbide chucking reamers across common metals.
Metal Weight Calculator - Steel, Aluminum Plate & Tube
Calculate total weight and price per piece for steel, stainless steel, aluminum, brass, and copper across all structural shapes.
MIG Welding Calculator - Wire Feed Speed & Voltage
Determine optimal Wire Feed Speed (WFS), arc voltage, and shielding gas flow based on steel plate thickness and wire diameter.
Milling Surface Finish & Scallop Cusp Height Calculator
Calculate theoretical cusp height (scallop crest), arithmetic surface roughness (Ra), and stepover percentage for 3D surface profiling and die sinking.
Miter Angle Calculator - Compound Bevel & Corner Cuts
Calculate exact miter and compound bevel saw settings for out-of-square room corners, multi-sided polygon frames, and flat-laid trim.
Offset Printing Ink Calculator - Pounds & Page Mileage
Determine ink consumption in pounds per CMYK color station, paper surface absorbency mileage factors, and press washup waste.
Paper Spoilage Calculator - Press Makeready Waste Sheets
Calculate total press makeready waste sheets, running spoilage, post-press bindery loss, and gross parent paper reams to order.
Pipe Elbow Calculator - Center to Face & Takeout Length
Determine exact center-to-face takeout dimensions, cut-back allowances, and weld gap adjustments for butt-weld pipe fittings.
Press Brake Crowning & Bed Deflection Calculator
Determine machine bed and ram elastic deflection under bending load, prevent center under-bending (canoe effect), and compute exact crowning compensation stroke.
Print Resolution Calculator - PPI, LPI & Viewing Distance
Calculate required image resolution in Pixels Per Inch (PPI), commercial halftone screen ruling (LPI), and minimum pixel dimensions for any viewing distance.
Rolling Offset Calculator - Pipe Travel & Fitting Angle
Calculate true offset distance, travel spool length, and roll angle for 3D compound pipe transitions.